Name
Technical Session XIV - MSEC-155840
Date & Time
Thursday, June 26, 2025, 5:10 PM - 5:25 PM
Description
As prototyped parts transition into scalable manufacturing research and industries, cost-effective and non-destructive testing methods are continuously needed to characterize obtained parts and components. This becomes even more significant in powder-based additive manufacturing (AM), where porosity is observed to be nearly inevitable. Amongst the non-destructive methods for density measurements, x-ray computed tomography does not comply with desired cost-effectiveness as it is a time consuming and costly approach, whereas Archimedes measurements fail to accurately characterize parts with potential open porosities. This study introduces a modified Archimedes measurement technique, that accounts for both open and enclosed porosities that are known to considerably affect final mechanical properties of parts produced via powder-based AM processes. This method makes use of a thin film of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that works as a shape-conforming layer, sealing open pores and including their volume into density calculations. The density of the PTFE film which is needed in the final density estimation is measured under the same conditions as in the modified method and is found to be 0.88±0.06 g/cc. When compared to traditional Archimedes measurements, this novel modified method reveals lower density values of porous parts, while displaying a downward trend with decreasing printing energy density, at which porosity is expected to increase. This discrepancy is due to the overestimation of density values by traditional Archimedes, since open pores volume present in highly porous parts are disregarded. Repeatability assessments confirm the modified method’s reliability, with a standard deviation of 0.02 g/cc. This method holds promise as an inexpensive, non-destructive, and dependable tool for parameter optimization research and accurate density measurements of highly porous components that are obtained by manufacturing processes, including but not limited to metal AM.
Location Name
Regency G
Full Address
Hyatt Regency
220 N Main St
Greenville, SC 29601
United States
220 N Main St
Greenville, SC 29601
United States
Session Type
Technical Session
Paper #
MSEC-155840
Author List
Laura Duenas Gonzalez, Natalya Kublik, Bruno Azeredo
Paper Title
[B] Modified Archimedes Method for Density Measurements of Samples Presenting Open Porosity
Session Chair
Dongqing Yan, Sarah Wolff