Digital Twin (DT), Extended Reality (XR), and Extreme Design (XD) enhance sustainable manufacturing for lunar operations by enabling automation, resource efficiency, and infrastructure resilience. DT facilitates predictive maintenance, real-time monitoring, and process optimization, while XD ensures structural durability in extreme lunar conditions. XR, including Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR), improves astronaut training, remote operations, and maintenance. Four NASA challenge projects demonstrate the integration of these technologies: Inflatable Lunar Gantry Crane (ILGC) from the NASA’s Advanced Lightweight Lunar Gantry for Operations (ALLGO) Challenge, Lunar Water Abstraction and Transportation by Excavation of Regolith (L-WATER) from the NASA’s Break the Ice Lunar Challenge, Lunar Origami Inspired Ground Heliostat (L-LIGHT) from the NASA’s Lunar Tele-Operated Rover-Based Configurable Heliostat (Lunar TORCH) Challenge, and Lunar Transporter and Gantry (L-TAG) from the NASA’s Lunar Delivery Challenge. The proposed DT-XR-XD framework (LUNAR-XDT [Lunar eXtended Digital Twin Framework for Sustainable Manufacturing & Exploration] framework) focuses on three key areas: adaptive DT models for automation, XR-based astronaut training and maintenance, and XD-driven modular infrastructure for sustained lunar operations. This structured approach supports autonomous, scalable, and resource-efficient exploration, ensuring long-term operational feasibility for lunar missions.